ED Droit
The notion of preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic acts in medical liability law
by Ludovic CHAUT (CENTRE EUROPÉEN DE RECHERCHES EN DROIT DES FAMILLES, DES ASSURANCES, DES PERSONNES ET DE LA SANTÉ)
The defense will take place at 9h00 - Salle des thèses 16 avenue Léon Duguit CS 50057 33608 Pessac cedex
in front of the jury composed of
- Laurent BLOCH - Professeur des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Stéphanie PORCHY-SIMON - Professeure des universités - Université Lyon 3 Jean Moulin - Rapporteur
- Sophie HOCQUET-BERG - Professeure des universités - Université de Lorraine - Rapporteur
- Christophe RADÉ - Professeur des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Examinateur
The notion of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic acts is essential to definite the scope of application of the compensation scheme for victims of medical accidents, nosocomial infections and iatrogenic affections, introduced by the law of March 4, 2002 on patients' rights and the quality of the healthcare system. A person may be held liable on this basis where damage is attributable to an individual act of prevention, diagnosis or care, performed either within an establishment, service or organization in which such acts are performed, or by a healthcare professional within the meaning of Part Four of the Public Health Code. This definition restricts the use of the conciliation and compensation commissions for victims of medical accidents, the right to compensation for medical accidents without fault, and in some cases, the right to compensation for certain types of damage (especially concerning the vaginal delivery, wich are not considerate as medical act).
The Legal Status of the Multimodal Transport Operator, a Comparative Study
by Kathleen YENO-REKANGA BRUCE (CENTRE DE RECHERCHES ET DE DOCUMENTATION EUROPÉENNES ET INTERNATIONALES)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - Salle des thèses Université de Bordeaux, 16 Avenue Léon Duguit 33608 Pessac
in front of the jury composed of
- Gaël PIETTE - Professeur des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Martin NDENDE - Professeur des universités - Nantes Université - Rapporteur
- Laurent SIGUOIRT - Maître de conférences - Aix-Marseille Université - Rapporteur
- Loïc GRARD - Professeure des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Examinateur
With the advent of containerisation, the transport of goods is no longer as compartmentalised as it was a few years ago. The links between maritime, road, inland waterway and rail transport are becoming increasingly intertwined. This is due to door-to-door delivery: customers no longer wish to deal with a succession of different contacts. However, whilst in practice transport has evolved considerably, legislation and international conventions remain entrenched in their respective frameworks. In 1980, the United Nations drafted a convention on the multimodal transport of goods (1980 Multimodal Transport Convention), which would pave the way for the emergence of a new player: the multimodal transport operator. Although this convention represented a legal revolution, it did not have the intended effect due to an insufficient number of signatures to ensure its entry into force. Consequently, in the absence of an international convention on multimodal transport, domestic laws and regional conventions dealing with multimodal transport have been adopted in certain parts of the world, notably in Asia and Central Africa. The significance of this study makes it essential to adopt a comparative approach focusing more closely on China, South-East Asia and Central Africa, given the growth in trade and political relations between these regions. Furthermore, it is important to anticipate the legal unpreparedness of the parties involved in the multimodal transport chain and to resolve efficiently any issues that may arise.
ED Sciences Physiques et de l'Ingénieur
Development of sub-therahertz plastic waveguide technology for future ultra-high-speed communication trust systems.
by SAMIR LAGOUG (Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système)
The defense will take place at 10h00 - Amphithéatre Jean-Paul Dom 351 cours de la Libération, 33400, Talence Bâtiment A31
in front of the jury composed of
- Anthony GHIOTTO - Maître de conférences - Bordeaux INP / IMS / Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Guillaume DUCOURNAU - Professeur des universités - Université de Lille / IEMN - Rapporteur
- Guido VALERIO - Professeur des universités - Sorbonne Université / GeePs - Rapporteur
- Eric KERHERVé - Professeur des universités - Bordeaux INP / IMS / Université de Bordeaux - CoDirecteur de these
- José-Luis GONZALEZ JIMENEZ - Directeur de recherche - CEA-Leti / Université Grenoble-Alpes - Examinateur
- Jean-Paul GUILLET - Maître de conférences - Bordeaux INP / IMS / Université de Bordeaux - Examinateur
- Serge VERDEYME - Professeur des universités - Université de Limoges / XLIM - Examinateur
The objective of this thesis is to reach the performance levels recommended by both multinational companies and government agencies, in our case those of the European Union for 6G. These performance targets are based on constraints related both to industrial performance and to energy sobriety, in order to comply with the 2021 Paris Agreement. This is why the objective of this work is to achieve a data rate of 100 Gbit/s over a few meters while consuming as little energy as possible. To achieve this, the first chapter aims to establish a technological choice with regard to the previously mentioned constraints, while remaining able to interface with the rest of the project's transceiver architecture. The state of the art presented shows that two technologies appear capable of reaching these performance levels: Polymer Microwave Fiber (PMF) and Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide (AFSIW), for the wired part and the PCB part respectively. However, these technologies are not fully understood and have never been interfaced together. Therefore, Chapter 2 develops a comprehensive study on the characterization of PMF technology. This chapter presents a measurement bench that makes it possible to obtain the dielectric parameters of the cable using PMF-to-standardized-waveguide connectors/transitions. The behavior of PMF technology under bending is known, but not when the fiber is subjected to twisting. On this point, the study presented appears to be the first to address the evolution of polarization under twisting. A theoretical model is developed and generalized to all shapes, then compared with simulations and measurements on several PMF shapes. This study concludes on the importance of the fiber's shape with regard to input/output coupling. Chapter 3 presents the development of AFSIW components enabling the interface between a chip and the PMF connector. The chip has two outputs at two different frequencies. This requires the design of an AFSIW diplexer in the D-band (110–170 GHz). However, no D-band diplexer using AFSIW has been reported in the literature. The difficulty associated with designing transitions, filters, and therefore diplexers at these frequencies lies in the size of the cavities, which become very difficult to manufacture. Moreover, the rounded corners in rectangular cavities are no longer negligible at all. Finally, surface roughness has a significant impact on performance and must be modeled. This chapter addresses all of these issues, enabling the design, fabrication, and measurement of a first D-band AFSIW diplexer. The average insertion losses of the transition, the filters, and the diplexer appear to be the best in the state of the art for D-band PCB technologies. Chapter 4 presents the co-integration of the work leading to a transceiver. First, a link between two diplexers through a PMF connector and cable is measured. This makes it possible to predict the maximum distance at which communication through PMF technology is more advantageous than wireless technology. Second, an improvement of the diplexer is proposed and implemented in the final PCBs. These PCBs have been fabricated but have not yet been measured. Chapter 5 concludes the work of this thesis and opens perspectives on the possibilities offered by these technologies. An innovative AFSIW transition is proposed, offering a glimpse of architectures with wider bandwidths while maintaining excellent isolation between the different channels. Finally, an innovative demonstrator for detecting metallic objects, based on 3D printing in PMF technology, is fabricated and measured, reporting an SNR above 60 dB, which validates the concept.
Production of Spherical and Tubular Hydrogel Microcapsules: Control of Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Microfluidic Flows
by Lucas SUIRE (Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique & Nanosciences)
The defense will take place at 13h30 - Amphithéâtre André Ducasse, E100 1 Rue François Mitterrand, Institut d'Optique, 33400, Talence
in front of the jury composed of
- Amaury BADON - Chargé de recherche - CNRS / Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Benoit SCHEID - Directeur de recherche - FNRS / Université Libre de Bruxelles - Rapporteur
- Jacques LENG - Directeur de recherche - CNRS / Université de Bordeaux - Examinateur
- Pierre NASSOY - Directeur de recherche - CNRS / Université de Bordeaux - CoDirecteur de these
- Françoise BROCHARD-WYART - Professeur émérite - Sorbonne Université - Examinateur
- Olivia DU ROURE - Directrice de recherche - CNRS / ESPCI Paris - Examinateur
- Jacques FATTACCIOLI - Maître de conférences - Sorbonne Université - ENS PSL - Rapporteur
Hydrogel microstructures are increasingly used in tissue engineering, drug delivery, cosmetics, chemistry, and the food industry. Their properties and performance depend strongly on their composition, size, shape, and structure. Microfluidic fabrication offers a unique degree of control over these characteristics by shaping hydrogel precursor solutions through fluid flows, followed by gelation. This thesis aims to understand and control the hydrodynamic and physicochemical mechanisms governing the formation of these microstructures. It builds on an encapsulation device that extrudes a co-flow comprising an aqueous core and a surrounding layer of polymer solution. When the injector outlet is positioned in air, a jet forms and breaks up into droplets due to the Rayleigh–Plateau hydrodynamic instability. These droplets form spherical capsules upon gelation. When the injector is immersed in the gelation bath, the co-flow gives rise to tubes. The first part of this thesis focuses on the breakup of the compound jet in air. Without external actuation, competition between unstable perturbation modes and droplet coalescence lead to the production of polydisperse capsules. Combining periodic mechanical excitation with an electric field enables control over jet breakup while limiting coalescence. Appropriate excitation parameters thus allow a single injector to produce monodisperse capsules with tunable sizes over a wide range of radii. The second part is devoted to developing a method for producing tubes with corrugated cores. Periodic flow-rate modulation, imposed using a compression chamber designed and characterized in the laboratory, deforms the core–shell interface during extrusion into the gelation bath. The modulation amplitude and frequency allow the amplitude and spatial period of the corrugation to be adjusted. However, the final tube morphology depends on competition between ionic gelation of the shell and fluid recirculation, which deforms the interface during extrusion. Experimental characterization of gelation-front propagation, combined with a gelation model limited by calcium-ion diffusion, identified the conditions required to preserve the corrugation. The enhanced control over the size, shape, and structure of these micro-objets achieved in this thesis opens up opportunities to standardize the production of three-dimensional cellular models, as well as to explore new confinement geometries and their influence on cellular organization.
ED Sociétés, Politique, Santé Publique
From female genital mutilation to reconstructive surgery in the context of migration: intervention (s) on the body, experiences and narratives.
by Idiatou Sow MURAIL (Passages)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - à définir Université de Bordeaux, Faculté d'anthropologie sociale – ethnologie 3ter, Place de la Victoire, 33076 Bordeaux
in front of the jury composed of
- Isabelle GOBATTO - Directrice de recherche - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Fatoumata HANE - Professeure des universités - Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor (UASZ, Sénégal) - Rapporteur
- Emmanuel LANGLOIS - Professeur des universités - Faculté de Sociologie - Centre Emile Durkheim
- Josiane TANTCHOU - Directrice de recherche - UMR 8586 PRODIG - Campus Condorcet Bâtiment Recherche Sud
This thesis lies at the intersection of the anthropology of the body, health, and migration. It explores the lived experiences of African and Afro-descendant women living in France who have undergone female genital cutting (FGC), as well as their pathways toward reconstructive surgery. It seeks to document their experiences, from memories of the cutting itself to the healthcare trajectories that lead some women to undergo clitoral reconstructive surgery. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted within a hospital setting and on in-depth interviews with women directly affected and healthcare professionals, this research examines how excised female bodies are constructed, perceived, and governed at the intersection of cultural norms inherited from countries of origin and the biomedical, legal, and political norms of the host country. The dissertation is structured around four main themes. The first examines the historical, geographical, social, and cultural dimensions of female genital cutting, together with the feminist, activist, and institutional mobilisations that have transformed it into a major international issue of public health and human rights. The second investigates reconstructive surgery as a medical, scientific, and political object by tracing the development of anatomical knowledge, surgical techniques, and models of clinical care. The third analyses women's subjective experiences, focusing on trauma, silence, shame, intergenerational ruptures, and the identity reconfigurations associated with migration, which profoundly reshape relationships to the body, sexuality, and norms of femininity. The fourth follows the biographical trajectories leading to the decision to undergo surgery, the experience of the operation itself, and the processes of bodily, sexual, and identity reappropriation that may follow, highlighting the hopes, ambivalences, and limitations inherent in the very notion of "repair." By foregrounding the voices of both the women concerned and the healthcare professionals involved in their care, this dissertation sheds light on the diversity of lived experiences and the complexity of the subjectivities at stake. It demonstrates that reconstructive surgery cannot be understood merely as a technical medical procedure; rather, it constitutes a space in which questions of repair, normalisation, recognition, and self-affirmation are negotiated, revealing the tensions between medical norms, body politics, and embodied experience.
Action at the edge of the abyss of time: the epistemological, heuristic and operational perspectives of the ontological paradigm of kairos.
by Sébastien ALVAREZ (Laboratoire Cultures et Diffusion des Savoirs)
The defense will take place at 10h00 - Salle du conseil Université de Bordeaux Campus Victoire 3ter Place de la Victoire 33000 Bordeaux
in front of the jury composed of
- Luc ROBÈNE - Professeur des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Mazarine PINGEOT - Professeure agrégée - Sciences Po Bordeaux - Examinateur
- Emmanuel NAL - Maître de conférences - Université de Haute Alsace - CoDirecteur de these
- Sylvain ROUX - Professeur des universités - Université de Poitiers - Rapporteur
- Géraldine LEPAN - Professeure des universités - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 - Rapporteur
- Dominique BODIN - Professeur des universités - Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Fontainebleau - Examinateur
Contemporary societies are confronted with a plurality of crises – technological, environmental, geopolitical, and societal – whose convergence tends to produce a deeper crisis: a crisis of meaning. In this context, marked by the emergence of unprecedented situations, the dislocation of established frameworks, and the irruption of an irreducible dimension of indeterminacy, action now unfolds at the edge of a “chasm of time,” where points of reference falter and decision-making can no longer rely on stabilized patterns. Within this environment, the need for leaders appears as a necessity, yet it is simultaneously accompanied by the risk of a crisis of leadership itself, as leaders are confronted with situations in which uncertainty, urgency, and rupture exceed the classical forms of rationality. This thesis examines this tension through the lens of military leadership training, adopting a constructivist approach based on the dialogue between three types of sources: a historical analysis of the 1940 Battle of France, a conceptual corpus drawing on philosophical and historical resources, and an empirical investigation conducted with senior military officials who have recently held command positions. From this confrontation emerges the prospect of a renewed conceptual framework for thinking about command, understood not as the implementation of established skills and doctrines, but as a way of being in the world: a capacity to embrace indeterminacy, to discern within emergence a possibility for action, and to inflect a situation without ever fully mastering its conditions. By articulating regimes of temporality, critical thinking, the construction of action, and the exercise of authority, this framework aims to enrich the understanding of decision-making processes, to renew command practices, and to open new perspectives for the transformation of leadership education systems.