ED Entreprise Economie Société
Tren al sur: Four essays on Inequality, Labor, Redistribution and Social Unrest
by David RIVERA GONZALEZ (BSE - Bordeaux sciences économiques)
The defense will take place at 14h30 - Salle des thèses 16 avenue Léon Duguit, Bâtiment C1, 33608 Pessac Cedex
in front of the jury composed of
- Olivier BARGAIN - Professeur - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Inés BERNIELL - Professeure - Universidad Nacional de La Plata - Examinateur
- Sanghamitra BANDYOPADHYAY - Professeure - Queen Mary University of London - Rapporteur
- Jukka PIRTTILä - Professor - University of Helsinki - Rapporteur
- H. Xavier JARA-TAMAYO - Assistant Professorial Research Fellow - London School of Economics and Political Science - CoDirecteur de these
This dissertation explores the interactions between redistributive systems, labor markets, and inequality in Latin America across four chapters. Chapter 1 uses multiple natural experiments to show how formalization costs disincentivize formalization in Bolivia, Colom-bia, and Ecuador. Chapter 2 reveals that using the minimum wage as a floor for social security contributions inadvertently excludes vulnerable workers and firms from the formal sector, thereby exacerbating inequality. Chapter 3 uses microsimulation models across six countries to quantify the impact of redistributive systems on reducing poverty and inequality. Finally, Chapter 4 shows how perceived inequalities, focusing on the disconnect between objective and perceived social status, predict protest participation.
ED Sciences Physiques et de l'Ingénieur
Study of Control Laws for Controlled Suspension Systems in Fully Electric Passenger Vehicles
by Fouad FARAH (Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système)
The defense will take place at 8h30 - Amphithéâtre 1 Campus Peixotto, Bâtiment A9.a RDC, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence
in front of the jury composed of
- Xavier MOREAU - Full professor - Université de Bordeaux, Talence - Directeur de these
- Clovis FRANCIS - Full professor - Arts et Métiers Paris Tech (ENSAM) - Rapporteur
- ROY ABI ZEID DAOU - Full professor - Université La Sagesse - CoDirecteur de these
- Michel BASSET - Full professor - ENSISA, Mulhouse - Examinateur
- Sylvie RENAUD - Full professor - Bordeaux INP, Talence - Examinateur
- Reine TALJ - Directrice de recherche - CNRS, UTC Heudiasyc - Rapporteur
The objective of this thesis is to develop innovative control strategies for the electromechanical active suspensions of Autonomous Connected electric Vehicles (ACeVs), based on Fractional-Order Systems (FOS), in order to generalize and optimize the classical Sky-Hook and Ground-Hook control laws. In the context of automated electric vehicles, the suspension can no longer be regarded as a simple vertical filtering component, but rather as a controlled subsystem that contributes directly to ride comfort, road holding, safety, and the vehicle's dynamic performance. The adopted approach is based on a decomposition of vehicle operation into three Operational Design Domains (ODDs), defined from the longitudinal and lateral accelerations. ODD1, corresponding to usual driving situations, is dedicated to ride comfort. Within this domain, several Sky-Hook-based strategies were investigated, including the optimal Sky Hook strategy, the Nominal Crone Sky-Hook (CSHN), the Generalized Crone Sky-Hook (CSHG), and the first-generation Crone Sky-Hook (CSH1G). ODD3, associated with extreme driving situations, is focused on road holding and active safety; it leads to the study of Ground Hook-based strategies through the Optimal Ground-Hook (GHO), the Nominal Crone Ground-Hook (CGHN), and the Generalized Crone Ground-Hook (CGHG). Between these two extremes, ODD2 represents a transition domain in which a mixed strategy is proposed by combining the control laws developed for the extreme ODDs. The main contribution of this thesis therefore lies in the design of a supervised multi controller architecture capable of identifying in real time the Operational Design Domain and dynamically adapting the corresponding control strategy. The proposed control scheme is based on weighting functions that ensure an optimal compromise between comfort, safety, and dynamic performance, while providing a robust and intelligent integration of active suspensions within the framework of autonomous vehicles. The obtained results show that this approach significantly improves ride comfort without degrading road holding or increasing suspension deflection.