ED Sciences Physiques et de l'Ingénieur
Machining processes with low environmental impact
by Maël JEULIN (I2M - Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - Amphithéâtre 2 IUT de BORDEAUX, site GRADIGNAN 15 Rue de Naudet, 33175 GRADIGNAN Bat 0
in front of the jury composed of
- Philippe DARNIS - Professeur des universités - Université de BORDEAUX - Directeur de these
- Olivier KERBRAT - Professeur des universités - ENS RENNES - Rapporteur
- Bertrand ROSE - Professeur des universités - Université de STRASBOURG - Rapporteur
- Raynald LAHEURTE - Professeur des universités - Université de BORDEAUX - CoDirecteur de these
- Pierre LAGARRIGUE - Professeur des universités - INU Champollion - Examinateur
- Bertrand LARATTE - Professeur des universités - Université LAVAL - Examinateur
- Vincent WAGNER - Maître de conférences - UNIVERSITÉ DE TECHNOLOGIE TARBES OCCITANIE PYRÉNÉES - Examinateur
The characterization of manufacturing processes is a central research theme, not least because it is supported by industry. Numerous performance criteria have been developed over the years, particularly those relating to the quality of manufactured parts. In the context of decarbonization and sustainability of manufacturing processes, this research focuses on the study and optimization of the environmental performance of material removal machining processes. This represents a new approach to manufacturing, oriented towards major societal issues. The work carried out has led to the development of a modeling methodology enabling multi-indicator assessment of the environmental impact of machining. Experimental studies of these processes have yielded sufficient data to characterize the most significant potential impacts. Using a predefined experimental set-up, a comparison was made between experimental data and modelling. The results showed that the consumption models used were highly accurate. Finally, based on the modeling results, a decision support algorithm for manufacturing parameters was developed for simple machining operations, with application to a 3-axis milling part.
ED Sociétés, Politique, Santé Publique
Agnostic search for non-additive genetic effects from pan-genomic genetic data: application to coagulation factors.
by Blandine GENDRE (Bordeaux Population Health Research Center)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - Amphi P.A Louis de l'ISPED Institut de santé publique, d'épidémiologie et de développement (ISPED) 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex
in front of the jury composed of
- David-Alexandre TREGOUET - Directeur de recherche - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Emmanuelle BOUZIGON - Directrice de recherche - Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMRS-1124 - Rapporteur
- Alexandre ALCAIS - Directeur de recherche - Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses, Inserm U1163, Université Paris Descartes, Institut Imagine - Rapporteur
- Marianne CANONICO - Chargée de recherche - Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm UMR1018, Équipe - Examinateur
- Joseph EMMERICH - Professeur des universités - praticien hospitalier - Department of vascular medicine, Paris Saint-Joseph Hospital Group, INSERM 1153-CRESS, University of Paris Cité - Examinateur
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revolutionized human genetics research over the past 15 years by enabling the identification of thousands of genetic variants associated with complex diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, and biological traits, such as coagulation factors. However, these studies primarily rely on additive models, which do not capture the full complexity of genetic mechanisms that may be involved. Interactions between genes (epistasis), gene-environment interactions, and epigenetic effects due to parental imprinting are thus neglected. The main objective of this thesis is to detect non-additive genetic effects in genome-wide association studies on plasma levels of two important factors in the coagulation cascade: Factor V and von Willebrand Factor. To achieve this, a little-known statistical methodology based on a modification of the Brown-Forsythe test was applied in several cohorts from the CHARGE consortium. This methodology identified the PSKH2 locus as a novel player in the regulation of plasma Factor V levels. Applying this research strategy to von Willebrand Factor plasma levels highlighted the limitations of the method in the presence of multiple polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium that influence the studied phenotype. In the future, it would be interesting to pursue this research by exploring other coagulation factors and using other statistical methodologies less subject to the influence of linkage disequilibrium.