ED Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé
Wine authenticity: metabolomic analyses by ¹H-NMR, targeted quantification and multi-platform data fusion
by Guillaume LELEU (Oenologie)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - Amphithéâtre Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin 210 chemin de Leysotte 33140 Villenave-d'Ornon
in front of the jury composed of
- Tristan RICHARD - Professeur des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Régis GOUGEON - Professeur des universités - Université Bourgogne Europe - Rapporteur
- François MESNARD - Professeur des universités - Université de Picardie Jules Verne - Rapporteur
- Sophie COLOMBIE - Directrice de recherche - INRAE - Examinateur
- Florence MEHL - Chargée de recherche - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics - Examinateur
The European wine sector generates considerable economic value yet faces an increasing challenge from fraud. Wine falsification is among the oldest and most widespread forms of food fraud worldwide. Consequently, the authenticity of wine, closely linked to traceability, remains a critical concern. Addressing this issue requires robust and reliable analytical methods. In this context, metabolomic approaches, particularly through NMR and MS spectroscopy, offer promising perspectives to strengthen the monitoring of wine authenticity. The main objective of this work was to develop and validate tools for the analysis of wine based on metabolomic approaches using NMR and MS, with the aim of facilitating their integration into official controls. A standardised 1H-NMR method for wine analysis, encompassing the entire process from sample preparation to data processing, was developed and validated through an interlaboratory collaboration. This method was applied to the oenological monitoring of wine evolution during bottle ageing. Finally, a data-fusion strategy was explored by integrating high-resolution mass spectrometry data to enhance wine traceability.