ED Sciences Chimiques
Aqueous ring-opening polymerization-induced self-assembly of N-carboxyanhydrides towards nanomedicine
by Hannah BEAUSEROY (Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques)
The defense will take place at 9h30 - Amphi 1 ENSMAC 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33600 Pessac
in front of the jury composed of
- Colin BONDUELLE - Directeur de recherche - CNRS - Directeur de these
- Kawthar BOUCHEMAL - Professeure - IRCP - Chimie ParisTech - Université PSL - Rapporteur
- Khalid FERJI - Maître de conférences - Université de Lorraine - Rapporteur
- Maria J. VICENT - Professor - CIPF - Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe - Examinateur
- Timothy J. DEMING - Professor - UCLA - University of California, Los Angeles. - Examinateur
- Sébastien LECOMMANDOUX - Professeur - Bordeaux INP - CoDirecteur de these
- Kazunori KATAOKA - Professeur émérite - Université de Tokyo - Examinateur
Amphiphilic block copolymers provide a versatile platform for designing nanocarriers with tunable properties (size, shape, surface), capable of targeting tumors through the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect while minimizing drug toxicity. Polypeptide-based systems are particularly attractive due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to self-assemble via defined secondary structures. Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) is commonly used to synthesize such materials but requires strict anhydrous conditions and toxic solvents. Aqueous ROPISA offers a greener, one-pot alternative by combining polymerization and self-assembly in a single step. This PhD work investigates the polymerization and self-assembly mechanisms of aqueous ROPISA, explores the use of various monomers and macroinitiators to diversify the resulting nanostructures, and evaluates the performance of anisotropic nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Drug encapsulation strategies were also developed to design anticancer nanomedicines based on this platform.
ED Entreprise Economie Société
THE DYNAMICS OF SOVEREIGN DEBT MARKET IN EMERGING AND FRONTIER ECONOMIES
by Younes TAKKI CHEBIHI (BSE - Bordeaux sciences économiques)
The defense will take place at 14h00 - Salle des Thèses Université de Bordeaux, campus de Pessac 16 Av. Léon Duguit, 33600 Pessac
in front of the jury composed of
- Delphine LAHET - Professeure des universités - Université de Bordeaux - Directeur de these
- Céline GIMET - Professeure des universités - Institut d'Etudes Politiques d'Aix-en-Provence - Examinateur
- Jean-Louis COMBES - Professeur des universités - Université Clermont Auvergne - Rapporteur
- Marc POURROY - Maître de conférences - Université de Poitiers - Rapporteur
- Stéphane DEES - Economiste - Banque de France - Examinateur
This thesis analyzes the vulnerabilities experienced by the sovereign debt market in Emerging and Frontier economies. The focus was mainly on the composition of their investor base and the sensitivity of their sovereign yields to global shocks. The first chapter explores the factors driving foreign demand for EM sovereign debt. It finds that country-specific factors and global interest rates play an important role. Foreign official borrowers are found to play the role of lenders of last resort. The chapter also highlights a shift in investor behavior after the GFC, with increased sensitivity to global interest rates and risk aversion. The second chapter assesses the dynamics of the spillovers of U.S. monetary policy and risk-aversion shocks to EM sovereign yields. The results suggest that these yields are more sensitive during global recessions. Additionally, good macroeconomic fundamentals, sound fiscal policy, and prudential policies are found to have a stabilizing effect on these yields. The third chapter dynamically identifies Frontier Markets, explores the factors that enable LICs to transition to FM status, and analyzes FM sovereign spreads' reaction to U.S. monetary policy shocks. The chapter finds that robust macroeconomic fundamentals and improved governance are key to achieving FM status. Additionally, FM sovereign spreads are similarly sensitive to U.S. monetary policy shocks as EMs. Factors like flexible exchange rate regimes, reserve buffers, lower public debt levels, and more diversified exports help mitigate FMs' exposure to those shocks.